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基数词变序数词规则
一、核心规则
1. 特殊变化(1、2、3)
| 基数词 |
序数词 |
缩写 |
| one |
first |
1st |
| two |
second |
2nd |
| three |
third |
3rd |
2. 4-19:多数直接加 -th
| 基数词 |
序数词 |
注意点 |
| four |
fourth |
直接加 th |
| five |
fifth |
ve → f + th |
| six |
sixth |
直接加 th |
| seven |
seventh |
直接加 th |
| eight |
eighth |
只加 h(去一个 t) |
| nine |
ninth |
去 e |
| ten |
tenth |
直接加 th |
| eleven |
eleventh |
直接加 th |
| twelve |
twelfth |
ve → f + th |
| thirteen |
thirteenth |
直接加 th |
| fourteen |
fourteenth |
直接加 th |
| fifteen |
fifteenth |
直接加 th |
| sixteen |
sixteenth |
直接加 th |
| seventeen |
seventeenth |
直接加 th |
| eighteen |
eighteenth |
直接加 th |
| nineteen |
nineteenth |
直接加 th |
3. 整十数(20-90):y → ie + th
| 基数词 |
序数词 |
缩写 |
| twenty |
twentieth |
20th |
| thirty |
thirtieth |
30th |
| forty |
fortieth |
40th(注意无 u) |
| fifty |
fiftieth |
50th |
| sixty |
sixtieth |
60th |
| seventy |
seventieth |
70th |
| eighty |
eightieth |
80th |
| ninety |
ninetieth |
90th |
4. 多位数:只变最后一位数
| 基数词 |
序数词 |
缩写 |
| 21 |
twenty-first |
21st |
| 32 |
thirty-second |
32nd |
| 43 |
forty-third |
43rd |
| 99 |
ninety-ninth |
99th |
| 100 |
one hundredth |
100th |
| 101 |
one hundred first |
101st |
| 200 |
two hundredth |
200th |
| 1000 |
one thousandth |
1000th |
| 1001 |
one thousand first |
1001st |
二、缩写规则(看末尾两位数字)
| 结尾数字 |
缩写后缀 |
示例 |
| 1 |
st |
1st, 21st, 31st, 101st |
| 2 |
nd |
2nd, 22nd, 52nd, 1002nd |
| 3 |
rd |
3rd, 23rd, 73rd, 1003rd |
| 0, 4-9, 11-13 |
th |
4th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 20th |
⚠️ 例外:11th, 12th, 13th 不以 st/nd/rd 结尾,而是 th
三、易错点总结
| 易错词 |
错误写法 ❌ |
正确写法 ✅ |
| 第四 |
fourth |
fourth(无 u) |
| 第四十 |
fourtyth → fortieth |
fortieth(无 u) |
| 第五 |
fiveth |
fifth |
| 第八 |
eightth |
eighth(单 h) |
| 第九 |
nineth |
ninth(去 e) |
| 第十二 |
twelveth |
twelfth |
四、快速记忆口诀
1、2、3 全不同(first, second, third)
8 去 t,9 去 e(eighth, ninth)
ve 结尾变 f 替(fifth, twelfth)
整十 y 变 ie 再加 th(twentieth)
其余直接加 -th 别忘记
五、练习提示
- 多位数只看最后一位数(如 101 → one hundred first)
- 整十数之后有非零个位时,十位用基数词 + 个位用序数词(如 22 → twenty-second)
- 结尾是 11、12、13 时,统一加 th(11th,12th,13th)
📝 本页贡献者:吴金宇
🕐 最后更新:2026年4月24日22:00
💡 反馈:如有问题,欢迎指正~
笔记内容参考自课堂讲解及教材,如有错误或补充,请联系我。